Complete Test Items for Rubber Products

I. Basic Physical & Mechanical Properties (Mandatory for All Rubber Products)

Tensile Test (GB/T 528 / ASTM D412)

Test Indicators: Tensile strength, elongation at break, modulus at 100%/300% elongation, permanent set at break

Application: Evaluate reinforcing filler performance, rubber strength and elasticity; core indicators for tires, seals and rubber hoses

Hardness Test (GB/T 531.1 / ASTM D2240)

Shore A: General rubbers (door & window sealing strips, rubber hoses, vibration dampers)

Shore D: Hard rubber, rigid rubber-plastic blends, high-hardness wear-resistant components

Shore 00: Ultra-soft foam rubber, silicone soft pads

Tear Strength (GB/T 529 / ASTM D624)

Rectangular / crescent specimens; evaluates resistance to crack propagation; mandatory for conveyor belts, tire sidewalls and thin-wall seals

Compression Set (GB/T 7759 / ASTM D395)

Specimens compressed at 70°C/100°C/120°C for 24 hours to test residual deformation after rebound

Core indicator for seals and O-rings; lower values represent superior sealing performance

Rebound Resilience (GB/T 1681 / ASTM D1054)

Impact rebound test to assess elasticity; dedicated for shock absorbers, tires and buffer rubbers

Abrasion Resistance Test

Akron Abrasion Test (GB/T 1689): Tires, conveyor belts, wear-resistant rubber rollers

DIN Abrasion Test (GB/T 9867): Footwear materials, light-colored rubbers, comparative abrasion testing for seals

II. Processing & Mixed Compound Testing

Mooney Viscosity (GB/T 1232.1, ML1+4 at 100°C): Evaluates flowability, processability and filler dispersion of raw rubber and mixed compounds. High viscosity leads to difficult extrusion; low viscosity causes sagging during molding.

Vulcanization Characteristics (RPA/MDR Rheometer, GB/T 16584): Torque-time curve as core test output

ML: Minimum torque (reflects softness and filler loading level)

MH: Maximum torque (reflects crosslink density and hardness)

Tc10: Scorch time (safe processing window to prevent premature vulcanization)

Tc90: Optimum cure time (reference duration for compression molding and extrusion vulcanization)

Filler Dispersion Test: Inspect carbon black / silica dispersion to verify uniform mixing, free of white spots and agglomerates

III. Environmental Aging Resistance Testing (Mandatory for Outdoor & High-Temperature Applications)

Hot Air Aging (GB/T 3512): Constant-temperature exposure at 70/100/120/150°C for 24/72/168 hours. Measure change rates of tensile strength, elongation and hardness after aging to assess heat-resistant service life.

Ozone Aging (GB/T 7762): Expose stretched specimens to ozone chamber to observe cracking; essential for tires, building weatherstripping and outdoor rubber goods

UV Aging Test: Simulate sunlight exposure; applied to light-colored rubber, exterior sealing strips and outdoor products to resist cracking and discoloration

Low-Temperature Brittleness Test (GB/T 1682): Impact test at -20/-40/-50°C to check brittle fracture; required for low-temperature seals used in cold northern regions and automotive rubber components

IV. Medium Resistance Performance (Products Contacting Oil, Water, Acid & Alkali Chemicals)

Liquid Immersion Swell Test (GB/T 1690) Immerse specimens in fuel oil, engine oil, hydraulic oil, water, acid and alkaline solutions, test the following indicators:

Volume change rate, weight change rate, tensile strength retention rate Material selection reference: NBR features excellent oil resistance, EPDM has poor oil resistance, CR offers moderate oil resistance

Water & Gas Permeability Test Dedicated for waterproof membranes, sealing gaskets and diaphragms; measures water vapor transmission rate and gas transmission rate

V. Special Functional Testing (Selected Based on Product Service Conditions)

Flame Retardancy Performance: Vertical burning test, limiting oxygen index (for flame-retardant conveyor belts and cable jackets)

Conductive / Anti-Static Performance: Surface resistivity, volume resistance (anti-static rubber rollers, conductive seals)

Thermal Conductivity Coefficient: Thermally conductive silicone, heat dissipation buffer pads

Sound Insulation & Vibration Damping: DMA dynamic mechanical analysis, damping factor

Adhesion Strength: Peel strength between rubber and metal/fabric, steel cord pull-out force (conveyor belts, vibration mounts, tires)

Compression Stress Relaxation: Long-term sealing pressure attenuation test for high-end O-rings

Volatile Matter, Migration & Blooming Test: For food-grade and household appliance rubbers to avoid precipitation and surface contamination

VI. Raw Material Testing (Incoming Inspection for Raw Rubber, Fillers & Additives)

Raw Rubber: Mooney viscosity, ash content, volatile matter content, impurity content

Fillers (Carbon Black / Silica / Calcium Carbonate): Oil absorption value, specific surface area, pH value, moisture content, loss on ignition

Additives: Zinc oxide purity, stearic acid melting point, coupling agent content, accelerator purity

VII. Classification of Commonly Used Standards

Domestic market: GB/T National Standards (widely used for domestic factory delivery and third-party testing)

Export to Europe & America: ASTM (American Standards), ISO (International General Standards)

Automotive industry: IATF16949, supporting corporate standards of OEMs including Volkswagen and General Motors

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